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pleaded a cause

  • 1 plead

    pli:d
    past tense, past participles - pleaded; verb
    1) ((of a prisoner) to answer a charge, saying whether one is guilty or not: `How does the prisoner plead?' `He pleads guilty.') declararse, alegar
    2) (to present a case in court: My lawyer will plead my case; My lawyer will plead for me.) defender, hablar por alguien
    3) ((often with with) to make an urgent request: He pleaded with me not to go; He pleaded to be allowed to go.) suplicar
    plead vb
    1. suplicar
    2. declararse
    tr[pliːd]
    1 suplicar ( with, -)
    plead ['pli:d] v, pleaded or pled ['pld] ; pleading vi
    1) : declararse (culpable o inocente)
    2)
    to plead for : suplicar, implorar
    plead vt
    1) : alegar, pretextar
    he pleaded illness: pretextó la enfermedad
    2)
    to plead a case : defender un caso
    v.
    • abogar v.
    • alegar v.
    • argumentar v.
    • informar v.
    • pleitear v.
    • rogar v.
    • suplicar v.
    pliːd
    1.
    (past & past p pleaded or AmE also pled) transitive verb
    a) ( give as excuse) alegar*

    he pleads ignorance of the whole affair — alega or aduce no saber nada del asunto

    she's not coming, she pleaded poverty — no viene, dijo que no tenía dinero

    b) ( argue) abogar* por, defender*

    to plead the case for something — abogar* en favor de algo

    to plead somebody's case — ( Law) llevar el caso de alguien


    2.
    vi
    a) (implore, beg) suplicar*

    to plead FOR something — suplicar* algo

    to plead WITH somebody to + INF — suplicarle* a alguien que (+ subj)

    b) ( Law)

    to plead guilty/not guilty — declararse culpable/inocente

    [pliːd] (pt pleaded, pp pled) (esp US)
    1. VT
    1) (=argue)

    to plead sb's cause — hablar por algn, interceder por algn

    to plead sb's case — (Jur) defender a algn en juicio

    2) (as excuse) aducir, pretextar

    to plead that — aducir or pretextar que

    to plead ignorance — aducir or pretextar desconocimiento

    to plead poverty — aducir or pretextar falta de medios económicos

    he pleaded certain difficulties — adujo or pretextó la existencia de ciertas dificultades

    2. VI
    1) (=beg) suplicar, rogar
    2) (Jur) (as defendant) presentar declaración; (as barrister) abogar

    how do you plead? — ¿cómo se declara el acusado?

    to plead guilty/not guilty — declararse culpable/inocente

    * * *
    [pliːd]
    1.
    (past & past p pleaded or AmE also pled) transitive verb
    a) ( give as excuse) alegar*

    he pleads ignorance of the whole affair — alega or aduce no saber nada del asunto

    she's not coming, she pleaded poverty — no viene, dijo que no tenía dinero

    b) ( argue) abogar* por, defender*

    to plead the case for something — abogar* en favor de algo

    to plead somebody's case — ( Law) llevar el caso de alguien


    2.
    vi
    a) (implore, beg) suplicar*

    to plead FOR something — suplicar* algo

    to plead WITH somebody to + INF — suplicarle* a alguien que (+ subj)

    b) ( Law)

    to plead guilty/not guilty — declararse culpable/inocente

    English-spanish dictionary > plead

  • 2 plead

    [pli:d]
    past tense, past participles - pleaded; verb
    1) ((of a prisoner) to answer a charge, saying whether one is guilty or not: `How does the prisoner plead?' `He pleads guilty.') declarar-se
    2) (to present a case in court: My lawyer will plead my case; My lawyer will plead for me.) apresentar
    3) ((often with with) to make an urgent request: He pleaded with me not to go; He pleaded to be allowed to go.) suplicar
    * * *
    [pli:d] vt+vi (ps, pp pleaded, pled) 1 pleitear, demandar. 2 defender, advogar. we pleaded his cause / advogamos a sua causa. 3 alegar, argumentar. 4 apelar, rogar, suplicar. 5 Jur objetar, contestar. 6 declarar. he pleaded not guilty / ele se declarou inocente. he pleaded guilty / ele se confessou culpado. we pleaded him guilty / declaramo-lo culpado.

    English-Portuguese dictionary > plead

  • 3 защитить

    1. stand up for

    защищать; защитить — stand up for

    2. defend; protect; vindicate; advocate; maintain; support; plead

    защитить, снять защиту — protects fff unprotects

    3. champion
    4. fence
    5. plead guilty

    признавать себя виновным; защищать; защитить; приводить в оправдание — plead guilty

    6. protect
    7. safeguard
    Синонимический ряд:
    1. заступиться (глаг.) взять под защиту; встать на защиту; вступиться; выступить в защиту; заступиться; не дать в обиду; постоять
    2. отстоять (глаг.) отразить нападки; отстоять
    3. предохранить (глаг.) предохранить
    Антонимический ряд:
    напасть; обвинить

    Русско-английский большой базовый словарь > защитить

  • 4 ריב I, רוב

    רִיבI, רוּב, (b. h.) to contend, strive; to plead. Meg.21b הרָב את ריבנו who pleaded our cause. Hif. הֵרִיב same. Tanḥ. Naso 12 כל זמן … אינה מְרִיבָה as long as she was engaged in it, she did not quarrel, v. רָנַן. Y.Taan.IV, 68d, v. מְסַרְבַּיי. Mekh. Bshall., Vayassʿa, s.6 כל … מְרִיבִיןוכ׳ whenever you strive with me, you tempt God. Tanḥ. Mick. 10 עד … מֵרִיב עמו while he was yet in his mothers womb, Esau was contending with him. Num. R. s. 5 שלא יָרִיבוּ זה עם זה that they might not quarrel with one another; היה זה מריבוכ׳ this one contended and said, I want to load here ; a. fr.

    Jewish literature > ריב I, רוב

  • 5 רִיב

    רִיבI, רוּב, (b. h.) to contend, strive; to plead. Meg.21b הרָב את ריבנו who pleaded our cause. Hif. הֵרִיב same. Tanḥ. Naso 12 כל זמן … אינה מְרִיבָה as long as she was engaged in it, she did not quarrel, v. רָנַן. Y.Taan.IV, 68d, v. מְסַרְבַּיי. Mekh. Bshall., Vayassʿa, s.6 כל … מְרִיבִיןוכ׳ whenever you strive with me, you tempt God. Tanḥ. Mick. 10 עד … מֵרִיב עמו while he was yet in his mothers womb, Esau was contending with him. Num. R. s. 5 שלא יָרִיבוּ זה עם זה that they might not quarrel with one another; היה זה מריבוכ׳ this one contended and said, I want to load here ; a. fr.

    Jewish literature > רִיב

  • 6 plead

    1. intransitive verb,
    pleaded or (esp. Amer., Scot., dial.) pled
    1) (make appeal) inständig bitten ( for um); (imploringly) flehen ( for um)

    plead with somebody for something/to do something — jemanden inständig um etwas bitten/jemanden inständig [darum] bitten, etwas zu tun; (imploringly) jemanden um etwas anflehen/jemanden anflehen, etwas zu tun

    2) (Law): (put forward plea; also fig.) plädieren
    2. transitive verb,
    pleaded or (esp. Amer., Scot., dial.) pled
    1) (beg) inständig bitten; (imploringly) flehen
    2) (Law): (offer in mitigation) sich berufen auf (+ Akk.); geltend machen; (as excuse) sich entschuldigen mit

    plead guilty/not guilty — (lit. or fig.) sich schuldig/nicht schuldig bekennen

    3) (present in court)

    plead somebody's case or plead the case for somebody — jemandes Sache vor Gericht vertreten

    * * *
    [pli:d]
    past tense, past participles - pleaded; verb
    1) ((of a prisoner) to answer a charge, saying whether one is guilty or not: `How does the prisoner plead?' `He pleads guilty.') plädieren
    2) (to present a case in court: My lawyer will plead my case; My lawyer will plead for me.) vertreten
    3) ((often with with) to make an urgent request: He pleaded with me not to go; He pleaded to be allowed to go.) dringend bitten
    * * *
    <pleaded, pleaded or SCOT, AM also pled, pled>
    [pli:d]
    I. vi
    1. (implore) [flehentlich] bitten, flehen
    to \plead for forgiveness/justice/mercy um Verzeihung/Gerechtigkeit/Gnade bitten
    ▪ to \plead with sb [to do sth] jdn anflehen[, etw zu tun]
    2. LAW (as advocate) plädieren; (speak for)
    ▪ to \plead for sb jdn verteidigen
    to \plead guilty sich akk schuldig bekennen; (as advocate) auf schuldig plädieren ÖSTERR
    to \plead not guilty [or innocent] sich akk für nicht schuldig erklären; (as advocate) auf nicht schuldig plädieren ÖSTERR
    how do you \plead? bekennen Sie sich schuldig?
    he \pleaded guilty to the charge of indecent assault er gestand die sexuelle Nötigung
    II. vt
    1. (claim)
    ▪ to \plead sth etw behaupten [o angeben]
    your best bet is to \plead inexperience am besten weisen Sie auf ihre Unerfahrenheit hin
    to \plead one's ignorance sich akk auf Unkenntnis berufen
    to \plead insanity LAW auf Unzurechnungsfähigkeit plädieren
    2. (argue for)
    to \plead a/sb's cause [with sb] [jdm] einen/jds Fall vortragen
    to \plead a case LAW eine Sache vor Gericht vertreten
    * * *
    [pliːd] pret, ptp pleaded or ( Scot, US) pled
    1. vt
    1) (= argue) vertreten

    to plead sb's cause (fig) — jds Sache vertreten, für jds Sache eintreten

    2) (as excuse) ignorance, insanity sich berufen auf (+acc)
    2. vi
    1) (= beg) bitten, nachsuchen (for um)
    2) (JUR counsel) das Plädoyer halten

    to plead guilty/not guilty — sich schuldig/nicht schuldig bekennen

    * * *
    plead [pliːd]
    A v/i prät und pperf pleaded [-ıd], plead [pled], besonders schott und US pled [pled]
    1. JUR
    a) plädieren ( for für) (auch fig), einen oder den Fall (vor Gericht) vertreten
    b) einen oder den Fall erörtern, Beweisgründe vorbringen ( for für; against gegen)
    c) sich zu seiner Verteidigung äußern:
    plead (not) guilty sich (nicht) schuldig bekennen (to gen);
    plead guilty to doing sth sich schuldig bekennen, etwas getan zu haben
    2. flehentlich oder inständig bitten ( for um; with sb jemanden)
    3. sich einsetzen oder verwenden ( with bei; for für)
    4. einwenden oder geltend machen ( that dass):
    his youth pleads for him seine Jugend spricht für ihn
    B v/t
    1. JUR und fig als Verteidigung oder Entschuldigung anführen, sich berufen auf (akk), Kopfschmerzen etc vorschützen
    2. JUR erörtern
    3. eine Sache vertreten, verteidigen, sich einsetzen für:
    plead sb’s cause
    4. JUR (als Beweisgrund) vorbringen, anführen
    * * *
    1. intransitive verb,
    pleaded or (esp. Amer., Scot., dial.) pled
    1) (make appeal) inständig bitten ( for um); (imploringly) flehen ( for um)

    plead with somebody for something/to do something — jemanden inständig um etwas bitten/jemanden inständig [darum] bitten, etwas zu tun; (imploringly) jemanden um etwas anflehen/jemanden anflehen, etwas zu tun

    2) (Law): (put forward plea; also fig.) plädieren
    2. transitive verb,
    pleaded or (esp. Amer., Scot., dial.) pled
    1) (beg) inständig bitten; (imploringly) flehen
    2) (Law): (offer in mitigation) sich berufen auf (+ Akk.); geltend machen; (as excuse) sich entschuldigen mit

    plead guilty/not guilty — (lit. or fig.) sich schuldig/nicht schuldig bekennen

    3) (present in court)

    plead somebody's case or plead the case for somebody — jemandes Sache vor Gericht vertreten

    * * *
    v.
    plädieren v.

    English-german dictionary > plead

  • 7 plead

    plead [pli:d] ( British pt & pp pleaded, Scottish & American pt & pp pleaded or pled [pled])
    (a) (beg) supplier;
    ∎ to plead for forgiveness implorer le pardon;
    ∎ she pleaded to be given more time elle supplia qu'on lui accorde plus de temps;
    ∎ to plead with sb supplier ou implorer qn;
    ∎ I pleaded with her to give me a second chance je la suppliai de me donner une deuxième chance
    (b) Law plaider;
    ∎ to plead in court plaider devant le tribunal;
    ∎ to plead guilty/not guilty plaider coupable/non coupable;
    ∎ to plead for the defence plaider pour la défense;
    ∎ how does the accused plead? l'accusé plaide-t-il coupable ou non coupable?
    (a) (beg) implorer, supplier;
    ∎ "please let me go" he pleaded "laissez-moi partir, je vous en prie" implora-t-il;
    ∎ she pleaded that her son be forgiven elle supplia que l'on pardonne à son fils
    (b) (gen) & Law plaider;
    ∎ to plead sb's case Law défendre qn; figurative plaider la cause de qn;
    ∎ who will plead our cause to the government? qui plaidera notre cause auprès du gouvernement?;
    ∎ to plead self-defence plaider la légitime défense
    (c) (put forward as excuse) invoquer, alléguer; (pretend) prétexter;
    ∎ we could always plead ignorance nous pourrions toujours prétendre que nous ne savions pas;
    ∎ she pleaded a prior engagement elle a prétendu qu'elle était déjà prise

    Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > plead

  • 8 plead

    plead [pli:d]
    (preterite, past participle pleaded or pled)
    • to plead for a scheme/programme plaider pour un projet/un programme
    • to plead guilty/not guilty plaider coupable/non coupable
       a. ( = give as excuse) alléguer
       b. to plead sb's case/cause plaider la cause de qn
    * * *
    [pliːd] 1.
    transitive verb (prét, pp pleaded, US pled)
    1) ( beg) supplier
    2) ( argue) plaider

    to plead somebody's case — Law, fig plaider la cause de quelqu'un

    2.
    intransitive verb (prét, pp pleaded, US pled)
    1) ( beg) supplier; ( more fervently) implorer
    2) Law plaider

    English-French dictionary > plead

  • 9 plead

    [pliːd] 1.
    verbo transitivo (pass., p.pass. pleaded, pled AE)
    1) (beg) implorare, supplicare
    2) (argue) perorare, patrocinare

    to plead sb.'s case — dir. perorare o patrocinare la causa di qcn. (anche fig.)

    to plead insanity — dir. chiedere che venga riconosciuta l'infermità mentale

    2.
    verbo intransitivo (pass., p.pass. pleaded, pled AE)
    1) (beg) supplicare

    to plead with sb. — supplicare qcn. ( to do perché faccia)

    to plead with sb. for more time — supplicare qcn. di concedere più tempo

    2) dir. dichiararsi

    to plead guilty, not guilty (to a charge) — dichiararsi colpevole, innocente

    * * *
    [pli:d]
    past tense, past participles - pleaded; verb
    1) ((of a prisoner) to answer a charge, saying whether one is guilty or not: `How does the prisoner plead?' `He pleads guilty.') dichiararsi
    2) (to present a case in court: My lawyer will plead my case; My lawyer will plead for me.) patrocinare (una causa)
    3) ((often with with) to make an urgent request: He pleaded with me not to go; He pleaded to be allowed to go.) supplicare
    * * *
    [pliːd] pleaded pled (esp Am) pt, pp
    1. vt
    1)

    to plead sb's case (Law); to plead sb's cause fig — perorare la causa di qn

    2) (as excuse: ignorance) addurre come (or a) pretesto
    2. vi
    1)

    (beg) to plead with sb (to do sth) — supplicare or implorare qn (di fare qc)

    to plead for sth — (beg for) implorare qc, (make speech in favour of) parlare in favore di qc

    2)

    (Law: lawyer) to plead for — perorare in favore di

    to plead guilty/not guilty — (defendant) dichiararsi colpevole/innocente

    * * *
    [pliːd] 1.
    verbo transitivo (pass., p.pass. pleaded, pled AE)
    1) (beg) implorare, supplicare
    2) (argue) perorare, patrocinare

    to plead sb.'s case — dir. perorare o patrocinare la causa di qcn. (anche fig.)

    to plead insanity — dir. chiedere che venga riconosciuta l'infermità mentale

    2.
    verbo intransitivo (pass., p.pass. pleaded, pled AE)
    1) (beg) supplicare

    to plead with sb. — supplicare qcn. ( to do perché faccia)

    to plead with sb. for more time — supplicare qcn. di concedere più tempo

    2) dir. dichiararsi

    to plead guilty, not guilty (to a charge) — dichiararsi colpevole, innocente

    English-Italian dictionary > plead

  • 10 revuelo

    m.
    1 commotion.
    armar o causar un gran revuelo to cause a stir
    2 turmoil, commotion, stir, storm.
    pres.indicat.
    1st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: revolar.
    * * *
    1 (revoloteo) fluttering
    2 figurado commotion, stir
    \
    armar un gran revuelo / provocar un gran revuelo to cause a great stir
    * * *
    SM
    1) [de aves] flutter, fluttering
    2) (=conmoción) stir, commotion; (=jaleo) row, rumpus

    de revuelo — incidentally, in passing

    armar o levantar un gran revuelo — to cause a great stir

    * * *

    el disparo produjo un revuelo de palomas — a mass o cloud of pigeons flew up when the shot was fired

    * * *
    = stir, hue and cry, brouhaha, commotion, whirr of activity, flurry of activity.
    Ex. With all this stir on accountability, the process of evaluation needs objective guidelines.
    Ex. There was no great hue and cry from the coastal community when the two papers appeared in print.
    Ex. He believes that most political brouhahas are cooked up to divert the public's attention from the real terrorism.
    Ex. She pleaded, futilely, in broken French, until an elderly man, hearing the commotion, came to her rescue.
    Ex. The wedding day morning is usually a whirr of activity -- everybody running here and there.
    Ex. In all this flurry of activity in the early seventies public libraries were not only ignored but showed little interest, in spite of the fact that inroads were being made into their traditional library functions.
    ----
    * armar un gran revuelo = set + the cat among the pigeons, put + the cat among the pigeons.
    * armar un revuelo = create + a storm.
    * causar revuelo = cause + a stir, create + a stir.
    * causar un gran revuelo = set + the cat among the pigeons, put + the cat among the pigeons, make + a splash.
    * levantar un gran revuelo = set + the cat among the pigeons, put + the cat among the pigeons.
    * provocar un gran revuelo = set + the cat among the pigeons, put + the cat among the pigeons.
    * * *

    el disparo produjo un revuelo de palomas — a mass o cloud of pigeons flew up when the shot was fired

    * * *
    = stir, hue and cry, brouhaha, commotion, whirr of activity, flurry of activity.

    Ex: With all this stir on accountability, the process of evaluation needs objective guidelines.

    Ex: There was no great hue and cry from the coastal community when the two papers appeared in print.
    Ex: He believes that most political brouhahas are cooked up to divert the public's attention from the real terrorism.
    Ex: She pleaded, futilely, in broken French, until an elderly man, hearing the commotion, came to her rescue.
    Ex: The wedding day morning is usually a whirr of activity -- everybody running here and there.
    Ex: In all this flurry of activity in the early seventies public libraries were not only ignored but showed little interest, in spite of the fact that inroads were being made into their traditional library functions.
    * armar un gran revuelo = set + the cat among the pigeons, put + the cat among the pigeons.
    * armar un revuelo = create + a storm.
    * causar revuelo = cause + a stir, create + a stir.
    * causar un gran revuelo = set + the cat among the pigeons, put + the cat among the pigeons, make + a splash.
    * levantar un gran revuelo = set + the cat among the pigeons, put + the cat among the pigeons.
    * provocar un gran revuelo = set + the cat among the pigeons, put + the cat among the pigeons.

    * * *
    causó revuelo/un gran revuelo it caused a stir/a huge stir
    2
    (de pájaros): el disparo produjo un revuelo de palomas a mass o cloud of pigeons flew up when the shot was fired
    * * *

    revuelo sustantivo masculino ( conmoción) stir
    revuelo sustantivo masculino
    1 (situación) stir, commotion
    2 (de los pájaros, etc) fluttering
    ' revuelo' also found in these entries:
    English:
    cat
    - song
    - stir
    - storm
    - hue
    * * *
    1. [agitación] commotion;
    armar o [m5] causar un gran revuelo to cause a stir
    2. [revoloteo] fluttering
    3. Am [de gallo] thrust with the spur
    * * *
    m stir;
    causar revuelo cause a stir
    * * *
    1) : fluttering
    2) : commotion, stir

    Spanish-English dictionary > revuelo

  • 11 plead

    pli:d
    past tense, past participles - pleaded; verb
    1) ((of a prisoner) to answer a charge, saying whether one is guilty or not: `How does the prisoner plead?' `He pleads guilty.') erkjenne seg (ikke) skyldig
    2) (to present a case in court: My lawyer will plead my case; My lawyer will plead for me.) føre en sak (for retten)
    3) ((often with with) to make an urgent request: He pleaded with me not to go; He pleaded to be allowed to go.) bønnfalle, trygle
    erkjenne
    verb (d - pleaded, amer: pled -
    pled) \/pliːd\/, amer. i flertall: \/pled\/
    1) føre en sak (for retten), pledere, prosedere
    2) tale noens sak
    3) trygle, bønnfalle, be
    4) ( jus) forklaring: svare på spørsmål om skyld
    • did he plead guilty?
    5) påberope (seg), unnskylde seg med, anføre (som unnskyldning), gjøre gjeldende
    plead for someone føre noens sak
    plead guilty ( jus) erkjenne seg straffeskyldig, erklære seg straffeskyldig
    plead not guilty ( jus) nekte seg straffeskyldig
    plead self-defence ( jus) prosedere for nødrett
    plead with somebody bønnfalle noen forsøke å overtale noen

    English-Norwegian dictionary > plead

  • 12 conmoción

    f.
    1 commotion, bustle, shake, stir.
    2 commotion, bustle, tumult, riot.
    3 fuss, anxious preparations.
    * * *
    1 commotion, shock
    2 MEDICINA concussion
    \
    conmoción cerebral concussion
    * * *
    noun f.
    * * *
    SF
    1) (Geol) shock, tremor
    2) (Med)
    3) (=perturbación) shock
    4) (Pol) disturbance
    * * *
    a) (Med) concussion
    b) (trastorno, agitación)
    c) (Geol) shock
    * * *
    = riot, hype, the, jolt, tumult, stir, convulsion, hoopla, spin, commotion, shake.
    Ex. The subjects referred to recur frequently in the writings of the 'socially committed' -- drugs, sex, racism, student unrest, riots, scandals in government, conservation, the role of women in society are among them.
    Ex. However, given the hype about the networking of public libraries in the US, it is perhaps surprising to note that only 21% have some form of connection to the Internet.
    Ex. The automation of the catalogue was the single most disconcerting jolt to hit modern libraries up to that time.
    Ex. This volume of essays looks to the formative processes that have shaped human relations in the midst of this century's tumult of wars, revolutions, and international confrontation.
    Ex. With all this stir on accountability, the process of evaluation needs objective guidelines.
    Ex. Spain's transition from dictatorship to pacific and stable democracy without producing major national convulsions is remarkable.
    Ex. Amid the hoopla, she hasn't forgotten its roots.
    Ex. In our media saturated world of high-blown hype and suffocating spin they do their best to tell you the truth.
    Ex. She pleaded, futilely, in broken French, until an elderly man, hearing the commotion, came to her rescue.
    Ex. It's a very intense throbbing pain that sends her body into quivers and shakes.
    ----
    * causar conmoción = cause + a ripple.
    * * *
    a) (Med) concussion
    b) (trastorno, agitación)
    c) (Geol) shock
    * * *
    = riot, hype, the, jolt, tumult, stir, convulsion, hoopla, spin, commotion, shake.

    Ex: The subjects referred to recur frequently in the writings of the 'socially committed' -- drugs, sex, racism, student unrest, riots, scandals in government, conservation, the role of women in society are among them.

    Ex: However, given the hype about the networking of public libraries in the US, it is perhaps surprising to note that only 21% have some form of connection to the Internet.
    Ex: The automation of the catalogue was the single most disconcerting jolt to hit modern libraries up to that time.
    Ex: This volume of essays looks to the formative processes that have shaped human relations in the midst of this century's tumult of wars, revolutions, and international confrontation.
    Ex: With all this stir on accountability, the process of evaluation needs objective guidelines.
    Ex: Spain's transition from dictatorship to pacific and stable democracy without producing major national convulsions is remarkable.
    Ex: Amid the hoopla, she hasn't forgotten its roots.
    Ex: In our media saturated world of high-blown hype and suffocating spin they do their best to tell you the truth.
    Ex: She pleaded, futilely, in broken French, until an elderly man, hearing the commotion, came to her rescue.
    Ex: It's a very intense throbbing pain that sends her body into quivers and shakes.
    * causar conmoción = cause + a ripple.

    * * *
    1 ( Med) concussion
    2
    (trastorno, agitación): el siniestro produjo una profunda conmoción en el país the disaster left the country in a state of profound shock
    la separación de Marujita produjo una conmoción familiar Marujita's separation caused great upset in the family
    3 ( Geol) shock
    Compuesto:
    concussion
    * * *

    conmoción sustantivo femenino
    a) (Med) tb


    b) (trastorno, agitación):


    c) (Geol) shock

    conmoción sustantivo femenino
    1 (emoción muy fuerte) commotion, shock
    2 Med conmoción cerebral, concussion
    ' conmoción' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    impacto
    - producir
    - revuelo
    English:
    concussion
    - ferment
    - flap
    - shock
    - commotion
    - concuss
    - stir
    * * *
    1. [física] shock
    conmoción cerebral concussion;
    la caída le produjo una conmoción cerebral he suffered concussion as a result of the fall
    2. [psíquica] shock;
    su muerte causó conmoción a la familia his death left the family in a state of shock
    3. [tumulto] upheaval
    4. [sísmica] shock
    * * *
    f
    1 shock
    2 ( agitación) upheaval
    * * *
    conmoción nf, pl - ciones
    1) : shock, upheaval
    2) or
    conmoción cerebral : concussion
    * * *
    conmoción n shock

    Spanish-English dictionary > conmoción

  • 13 plead

    {pli:d}
    1. юр. защищавам в съда, пледирам
    to PLEAD one's cause with защищавам каузата си пред
    2. юр. отговарям на обвинение, обръщам се към съда
    to PLEAD guilty/not guilty признавам се/не се признавам за виновен
    3. умолявам, моля (with someone някого), обръщам се с молба
    застъпвам се (for за, with пред)
    4. позовавам се на, изтъквам като оправдание, използвам като претекст, опитвам се да се извиня (с)
    to PLEAD inexperience/one's youth оправдавам се с нeопитност/с младостта си
    to PLEAD one's belly моля да се отмени смъртната ми присъда поради бременност
    * * *
    {pli:d} v (pleaded, ам. pled) 1. юр. защищавам в съда; пледирам
    * * *
    ходатайствам; умолявам; пледирам;
    * * *
    1. to plead guilty/not guilty признавам се/не се признавам за виновен 2. to plead inexperience/one's youth оправдавам се с нeопитност/с младостта си 3. to plead one's belly моля да се отмени смъртната ми присъда поради бременност 4. to plead one's cause with защищавам каузата си пред 5. застъпвам се (for за, with пред) 6. позовавам се на, изтъквам като оправдание, използвам като претекст, опитвам се да се извиня (с) 7. умолявам, моля (with someone някого), обръщам се с молба 8. юр. защищавам в съда, пледирам 9. юр. отговарям на обвинение, обръщам се към съда
    * * *
    plead [pli:d] v ( pleaded, ам. pled [pled]) 1. умолявам, моля, обръщам се с (отправям) молба, ходатайствам (пред with, за for); застъпвам се; 2. отговарям (отвръщам) на обвинение; обръщам се към съда; to \plead ( not) guilty признавам се (не се признавам) за виновен; 3. защитавам в съда; пледирам; to \plead o.'s cause with s.o. пледирам каузата си пред някого; 4. позовавам се (на нещо); изтъквам (като оправдание); използвам като претекст; to \plead the inexperience of youth извинявам (оправдавам) се с младостта си.

    English-Bulgarian dictionary > plead

  • 14 plead

    pli:d гл.
    1) защищать подсудимого, представлять (в суде) его интересы Mr Jones will plead for you in this case. ≈ В этом деле вас будет защищать мистер Джонс.
    2) выступать в суде с заявлением;
    отвечать на обвинение;
    обращаться к суду to plead guilty ≈ признать себя виновным (в чем-л. ≈ to)
    3) а) юр. обращаться с просьбой, ходатайствовать б) просить, умолять( with - кого-л.), (for - о чем-л.) She went down on her knees, pleading for mercy. ≈ Она упала на колени и взмолилась о пощаде. Syn: appeal, beg, petition, sue, entreat Ant: command, demand
    4) а) отсылать( к чему-л.) в рамках судебного разбирательства The paragraph was properly pleaded and ought not to be struck out. ≈ Отсылка к этому параграфу совершенно верная, его не следует вычеркивать. б) ссылаться( на что-л.), приводить( что-л.) в оправдание (юридическое) выступать в суде;
    защищать подсудимого, представлять (в суде) его интересы - to * one's good faith доказывать свою честность - to * smb.'s cause вести в суде чье-л. дело;
    защищать чьи-л. интересы - he was not allowed to * his cause ему не дали возможности защищать свои интересы (юридическое) подавать( суду) состязательную бумагу, подавать (суду) возражение по иску выставлять в качестве оправдания, довода;
    ссылаться (на какую-л. причину) - to * insanity (юридическое) ссылаться на невменяемость - to * ignorance ссылаться на незнание - to * difficulties in regard to smth. ссылаться на трудности в каком-л. деле - to * prescription /a statute of limitations/ (юридическое) ссылаться (в процессе) на давность - to * one's need for smth. ссылаться на необходимость чего-л. - his youth *s for him оправданием ему служит молодость( юридическое) выступать в суде с заявлением;
    отвечать на обвинение;
    обращаться к суду - to * guilty признавать себя виновным в предъявленном обвинении - to * not guilty заявить( суду) о своей невиновности;
    не признавать себя виновным;
    просить об оправдании подсудимого (with) призывать;
    просить;
    молить, умолять - to * with smb. for smth. просить кого-л. о чем-л. - to * with smb. to change his mind просить кого-л. изменить свое решение - to * for time умолять дать время - they were *ing with him to stop они молили /умоляли/ его прекратить /остановиться/ > to * the fifth /a five/ (американизм) (сленг) отказываться делать что-л. (особ. давать свидетельские показания, отвечать на вопросы и т. п.) > to * the baby act оправдываться неопытностью;
    уклоняться от ответственности, ссылаясь на неопытность be entitled to ~ иметь право отвечать на обвинение be entitled to ~ иметь право подавать возражение по иску fit to ~ способный отвечать на обвинение fitness to ~ способность отвечать на обвинение plead выставлять в качестве обвинения ~ выступать в суде ~ (pleaded, pled) защищать (в суде) ~ защищать подсудимого ~ обращаться с просьбой, ходатайствовать ~ отвечать на обвинение;
    обращаться к суду;
    to plead (not) guilty (не) признать себя виновным ~ отвечать на обвинение ~ подавать возражение по иску ~ подавать состязательную бумагу ~ подавать суду возражения по иску ~ представлять в суде чьи-либо интересы ~ просить, умолять (with - кого-л., for - о чем-л.) ~ ссылаться (на что-л.), приводить (что-л.) в оправдание;
    to plead in justification (of smth.) служить оправданием( чего-л.) (в суде) ~ ссылаться (на что-л.) ~ ссылаться ~ ссылаться (на что-л.), приводить (что-л.) в оправдание;
    to plead in justification (of smth.) служить оправданием (чего-л.) (в суде)

    Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > plead

  • 15 plead

    [pli:d]
    past tense, past participles - pleaded; verb
    1) ((of a prisoner) to answer a charge, saying whether one is guilty or not: `How does the prisoner plead?' `He pleads guilty.') zagovarjati
    2) (to present a case in court: My lawyer will plead my case; My lawyer will plead for me.) zastopati
    3) ((often with with) to make an urgent request: He pleaded with me not to go; He pleaded to be allowed to go.) prositi
    * * *
    [pli:d]
    1.
    intransitive verb juridically
    pledirati, zagovarjati se ( for za), braniti se pred sodiščem, navesti dokaze ( for za, against proti); prositi ( for za, with koga); potegovati, potegniti se ( for za, with pri kom);
    2.
    transitive verb juridically
    braniti, zagovarjati, zastopati, navajati, sklicevati se na kaj, izgovarjati se; obravnavati, navesti dokaze
    to plead s.o.'s cause — zagovarjati koga

    English-Slovenian dictionary > plead

  • 16 plead

    <pleaded, pleaded or (Scot, Am a.) pled, pled> [pli:d] vi
    1) ( implore) [flehentlich] bitten, flehen;
    to \plead for forgiveness/ justice/ mercy um Verzeihung/Gerechtigkeit/Gnade bitten;
    to \plead with sb [to do sth] jdn anflehen[, etw zu tun]
    2) law ( as advocate) plädieren;
    to \plead for sb jdn verteidigen
    3) + adj law ( answer charge)
    to \plead guilty sich akk schuldig bekennen;
    to \plead not guilty [or innocent] sich akk für nicht schuldig erklären;
    how do you \plead? bekennen Sie sich schuldig?;
    he \pleaded guilty to the charge of indecent assault er gestand die sexuelle Nötigung vt
    1) ( claim)
    to \plead sth etw behaupten [o angeben];
    your best bet is to \plead inexperience am besten weisen Sie auf ihre Unerfahrenheit hin;
    to \plead one's ignorance sich akk auf Unkenntnis berufen;
    to \plead insanity law auf Unzurechnungsfähigkeit plädieren
    2) ( argue for)
    to \plead a/sb's cause [with sb] [jdm] einen/jds Fall vortragen;
    to \plead a case law eine Sache vor Gericht vertreten

    English-German students dictionary > plead

  • 17 alboroto

    m.
    1 din (ruido).
    2 fuss, to-do (jaleo).
    3 lot of noise, brawl, riot, bustle.
    4 frolic, noise, hullabaloo.
    pres.indicat.
    1st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: alborotar.
    * * *
    1 (gritería) din, racket, row
    2 (desorden) uproar, commotion, disturbance
    3 (sobresalto) shock, alarm
    * * *
    noun m.
    2) riot
    * * *
    SM
    1) (=disturbio) disturbance; (=vocerío) racket, row; (=jaleo) uproar; (=motín) riot; (=pelea) brawl
    2) (=susto) scare, alarm
    3) pl alborotos CAm (=rosetas de maíz) popcorn sing
    * * *
    a) (agitación, nerviosismo) agitation; ( excitación) excitement
    b) ( ruido) racket
    c) (disturbio, jaleo) disturbance, commotion; ( motín) riot
    * * *
    = fuss, buzz, hype, the, uproar, hoopla, hue and cry, hubbub, spin, commotion, hilarity, rumpus, racket, fracas, hustle and bustle, hurly-burly, riot.
    Ex. Hernandez decided that if he wished to survive in this restrictive atmosphere his options were clearly the following: don't make waves, do a good job with no fuss of which he could be proud, and try to gain Balzac's respect.
    Ex. The article is entitled 'Turf wars in the playback software arena: Microsoft Netshow, Windows Multimedia Player, and all that buzz'.
    Ex. However, given the hype about the networking of public libraries in the US, it is perhaps surprising to note that only 21% have some form of connection to the Internet.
    Ex. The film tells of the uproar the librarian created when he extended an invitation to an advocate of theories on black inferiority to address a high school assembly.
    Ex. Amid the hoopla, she hasn't forgotten its roots.
    Ex. There was no great hue and cry from the coastal community when the two papers appeared in print.
    Ex. And arming himself with patience and piety he tarried awhile until the hubbub was stilled.
    Ex. In our media saturated world of high-blown hype and suffocating spin they do their best to tell you the truth.
    Ex. She pleaded, futilely, in broken French, until an elderly man, hearing the commotion, came to her rescue.
    Ex. The author combines southern warmth with unabashed emotion and side-splitting hilarity.
    Ex. Then reading of this story aloud to young children as they look at the pictures, needs a firm, quiet voice, until that glorious wordless pictorial passage showing the 'wild rumpus,' when at least one reader discovers it is necessary to give a one-man vocal performance of some rumbustious classical music as accompaniment to the viewing of those pages.
    Ex. He says the library science degree is a racket; that there's nothing taught in library school that can't be better learned on the job.
    Ex. There are, as I see it, approximately three positions one can take on the matter, each with its own adherents in the current fracas.
    Ex. The article ' Hustle and bustle or solemn silence?' argues that changes in society require a re-examination of the library's role.
    Ex. No, the hurly-burly of politics holds no enchantment for me, I in fact have a deep rooted scepticism and I am disillusioned about politics.
    Ex. The subjects referred to recur frequently in the writings of the 'socially committed' -- drugs, sex, racism, student unrest, riots, scandals in government, conservation, the role of women in society are among them.
    ----
    * causar un gran alboroto = make + a splash.
    * provocar un gran alboroto = make + a splash.
    * * *
    a) (agitación, nerviosismo) agitation; ( excitación) excitement
    b) ( ruido) racket
    c) (disturbio, jaleo) disturbance, commotion; ( motín) riot
    * * *
    = fuss, buzz, hype, the, uproar, hoopla, hue and cry, hubbub, spin, commotion, hilarity, rumpus, racket, fracas, hustle and bustle, hurly-burly, riot.

    Ex: Hernandez decided that if he wished to survive in this restrictive atmosphere his options were clearly the following: don't make waves, do a good job with no fuss of which he could be proud, and try to gain Balzac's respect.

    Ex: The article is entitled 'Turf wars in the playback software arena: Microsoft Netshow, Windows Multimedia Player, and all that buzz'.
    Ex: However, given the hype about the networking of public libraries in the US, it is perhaps surprising to note that only 21% have some form of connection to the Internet.
    Ex: The film tells of the uproar the librarian created when he extended an invitation to an advocate of theories on black inferiority to address a high school assembly.
    Ex: Amid the hoopla, she hasn't forgotten its roots.
    Ex: There was no great hue and cry from the coastal community when the two papers appeared in print.
    Ex: And arming himself with patience and piety he tarried awhile until the hubbub was stilled.
    Ex: In our media saturated world of high-blown hype and suffocating spin they do their best to tell you the truth.
    Ex: She pleaded, futilely, in broken French, until an elderly man, hearing the commotion, came to her rescue.
    Ex: The author combines southern warmth with unabashed emotion and side-splitting hilarity.
    Ex: Then reading of this story aloud to young children as they look at the pictures, needs a firm, quiet voice, until that glorious wordless pictorial passage showing the 'wild rumpus,' when at least one reader discovers it is necessary to give a one-man vocal performance of some rumbustious classical music as accompaniment to the viewing of those pages.
    Ex: He says the library science degree is a racket; that there's nothing taught in library school that can't be better learned on the job.
    Ex: There are, as I see it, approximately three positions one can take on the matter, each with its own adherents in the current fracas.
    Ex: The article ' Hustle and bustle or solemn silence?' argues that changes in society require a re-examination of the library's role.
    Ex: No, the hurly-burly of politics holds no enchantment for me, I in fact have a deep rooted scepticism and I am disillusioned about politics.
    Ex: The subjects referred to recur frequently in the writings of the 'socially committed' -- drugs, sex, racism, student unrest, riots, scandals in government, conservation, the role of women in society are among them.
    * causar un gran alboroto = make + a splash.
    * provocar un gran alboroto = make + a splash.

    * * *
    A
    1 (agitación, nerviosismo) agitation; (excitación) excitement
    2 (ruido) racket
    B
    1 (disturbio, jaleo) disturbance, commotion, ruckus ( AmE colloq)
    2 (motín) riot
    * * *

    Del verbo alborotar: ( conjugate alborotar)

    alboroto es:

    1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo

    alborotó es:

    3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo

    Multiple Entries:
    alborotar    
    alboroto
    alborotar ( conjugate alborotar) verbo intransitivo
    to make a racket
    verbo transitivo
    a) ( agitar) to agitate, get … agitated;

    ( excitar) to get … excited

    alborotarse verbo pronominal
    a) ( agitarse) to get agitated o upset;

    ( excitarse) to get excited

    alboroto sustantivo masculino
    a) (agitación, nerviosismo) agitation;

    ( excitación) excitement

    c) (disturbio, jaleo) disturbance, commotion;

    ( motín) riot
    alborotar
    I verbo transitivo
    1 (causar agitación) to agitate, work up
    2 (revolver, desordenar) to make untidy, turn upside down
    II vi (causar jaleo) to kick up a racket
    alboroto sustantivo masculino
    1 (jaleo) din, racket
    2 (disturbios) disturbance, uproar
    ' alboroto' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    alteración
    - armar
    - gresca
    - mogollón
    - organizarse
    - barullo
    - bochinche
    - bronca
    - escándalo
    - jaleo
    - tumulto
    English:
    commotion
    - disturbance
    - excitement
    - fuss
    - hubbub
    - pandemonium
    - rowdy
    - uproar
    - up
    * * *
    ♦ nm
    1. [ruido] din;
    había mucho alboroto en la calle there was a lot of noise in the street
    2. [jaleo] fuss, to-do;
    se armó un gran alboroto there was a huge fuss;
    se produjeron alborotos callejeros there were street disturbances
    ♦ alborotos nmpl
    CAm popcorn
    * * *
    m commotion
    * * *
    1) : disturbance, ruckus
    2) motín: riot
    * * *
    1. (jaleo) racket
    2. (disturbio) disturbance / riot

    Spanish-English dictionary > alboroto

  • 18 plead

    A vtr ( prét, pp pleaded, US pled)
    1 ( beg) supplier ;
    2 ( argue) plaider ; to plead sb's case Jur, fig plaider la cause de qn ; to plead insanity Jur plaider la démence ;
    3 ( give as excuse) to plead ignorance plaider l'ignorance ; she left early, pleading a headache elle est partie tôt, en prétextant un mal de tête.
    B vi ( prét, pp pleaded, US pled)
    1 ( beg) supplier ; ( more fervently) implorer ; to plead with sb supplier, implorer qn (to do de faire) ; to plead with sb for mercy/forgiveness implorer la clémence/le pardon de qn ; to plead with sb for more time supplier qn d'accorder plus de temps ;
    2 Jur plaider ; to plead guilty/not guilty (to a charge) plaider coupable/non coupable.

    Big English-French dictionary > plead

  • 19 ER

    I) (older form es), rel. part. in old poems and in law phrases ‘es’ is suffixed to a demonstrative or interrogative word, pron. or adv., as s: sás, sús, þats, þeims, þærs; þars, þás, þegars, síðans, hveims, hvars, &c., = sá es, sú es, þar es, þá es, &c.
    I. used as a rel. pron., indecl., who, which, that;
    1) Mörðr hét maðr, er (nom.) kallaðr var gígja;
    grös fögr, er (acc.) hón hafði í hendi;
    aðra hluti þá, er (gen.) menn vildu visir verða;
    þann einn son, er (dat.) hann ann lítit;
    2) with a prep. placed at the end of the sentence;
    land, er hann kom frá, the land he came from;
    jötunn, er ór steini var höfuðit á (viz. honum), whose head was of stone;
    3) ellipt., the prep. being understood;
    ór þeim ættum, er mér þóttu fuglarnir fljúga (viz. ór), from the quarter that I thought the birds flew from;
    þeir hafa nú látit líf sitt, er mér þykkir eigi vert at lifa (viz. eptir), whom I think it is not worth while to outlive;
    4) a personal or demonstr. pron. may be added to the rel. part., er þú, er þik; er hann, er hón, er hana, er hans, er hennar, er þeim, er þeiri, er þeira, etc.;
    œrr ertu, Loki, er þú (who) yðra telr ljóta leiðstafi;
    sá maðr, er hann vill, that man who wishes;
    nema ein Goðrún, er hón æva grét, who never wept;
    ekkja heitir sú, er búandi hennar (whose husband) varð sóttdauðr;
    þann konung, er undir honum eru skatt-konungar, that king under whom are tributary kings;
    5) in the fourteenth century added to the int. pron., hverr;
    þat herbergi, í hverju er hann ( in which = er hann í því) hefir sitt ráð ok ræðr;
    II. as a conj. and adv.
    1) local, er, þar er, there where;
    hann sá á eldinum fölskann, er netit hafði brunnit, where the net had been burnt;
    Ó. gekk þar til, er H. lá, to the spot where H. lay;
    2) of time, er, þá er, when;
    ok er, and when;
    en er, but when;
    þar til er, until;
    í því er, just when;
    eptir (þat) er, when;
    þegar er, as soon as (þegar er lýsti, stóð konungr upp);
    síðan er, since;
    meðan er, while;
    næst er vér kómum, next when we came;
    þá lét í hamrinum, sem er reið gengr, as when it thunders;
    3) = at, that;
    ok fannst þat á öllu, er hón þóttist vargefin, that she thought she was thrown away;
    ek em þess sæll, er okkart félag sleit, I am happy that;
    skyldi fara fyrst leyniliga, en þó kom þar, er allir vissu, but it came to this, that every one knew of it.
    II) from vera.
    * * *
    1.
    old form es, mod. sometimes eð, but usually ‘er;’ indecl. Particle used as relat. pron. or as relat. adv.; in very old MSS. always es, and rhymed so by old poets; in the 12th century it changed into er. In poems and in law phrases the particle ‘es’ is suffixed to the pronoun or adverb, as s or z, e. g. thus: as pron., sá’s = sá es (so in ‘people’s Engl.’ he as, him as, for he who, etc.), Hkr. iii. 11 (Sighvat); dat. þeim’s = þeim es, illi qui, Hm. 3, Fms. vi. 38 (Sighvat); acc. masc. þann’z or þann’s = þann es, illum qui, Vsp. 45 (MS.), Od. i, Hm. 44, 120, Hým. 39, Am. 90; neut. þatz = þat es, illud quod, Hm. 39, Am. 37, Hkv. Hjörv. 3, Fms. iii. 9 (Hallfred): as conj. or adv., hvárt’z … eða = hvárt es … eða, utrum … an, Grág. (Ed. 1853); hvárt’z hann vill at reiða eða …, i. 25, 145, 152, 155, 156, 161, 233, ii. 50: as adv., þegar’s = þegar es, as soon as, Grág. (Ed. 1853) i. 94, Am. 30; síðan’s = síðan es, since (Old Engl. sithens, sithence), 78; even sem’s = sem es, Am. 103; hvar’s = hvar es, wherever, 47, Mork. 138, Hm. 138; hve’s = hve es, however, 140 (MS. hvers), Skálda 190 (in a verse); þar’s = þar es, there where, i. e. where, Grág. i. 46, 153, Hm. 66, Hbl. 60, Gm. 8, Ls. 50, Mork. 18, 34, 37, 62, 170, Skálda 189 (Bragi), Edda (Ht.) 124, where this anastrophe is called bragar-mál, poetical diction; hvarge’s = hvarge es, wherever, Grág. ii. 44. The Icel. has no relat. pron. but only the relat. particles er and sem, both of them indecl. in gender, case, and number; in simple sentences the sense (gender etc.) is clear from the context; and the language has certain expedients to meet the deficiency.
    A. Used as relat. pron. which, who, that:
    I. used alone, where there is perhaps an ellipse of the demonstrative, er = er hann (þeir, þær, þeim, etc.);
    α. nom., á þeim bæ, er Abia heitir, 625. 83; Mörðr hét maðr, er kallaðr var Gigja, Nj. 1; hann átti dóttur eina, er Unnr hét, id.; þá skulu þeir, er fær eru ( who are) saman, Grág. i. 9; maðr, er þessa þurfi, id.; at þeim svörum, er verða, 19; lið þat, er þeim hafðI þangat fylgt, Fms. i. 62; konur þær, er völfur vóru kallaðar, iii. 212; þeim unga manni, er þar sitr hjá þér, id.
    β. acc., þingfesti manna þeirra, er ( quos) menn vilja sækja, Grág. i. 19; sakar þeirrar, er ( quam) ek hefi höfðað, id.
    γ. gen., aðra hluti þá, er ( quorum) menn viidu vísir verða, Fms. iii. 212.
    δ. dat., þann einn, er ( cui) hann ann lítið, Fms. i. 86.
    ε. joined to a demonstrative; allir Þrændir, þeir er …, all the Th., who …, Fms. i. 62.
    II. with a prep., which, as often in Engl., is placed at the end of the sentence; er hann kom til, whom he came to; land, er hann kom frá, the land he came from; so Lat. quocum venit = er hann kom með sub quibus = er … undir; in quibus = er … í, etc.: the prep. may also be a penultimate, e. g. the phrase, er mér er á ván, wlich I have a hope of; or, er hann var yfir settr, whom he was set over, etc.; this use of the pronoun is undoubtedly elliptical, the corresponding demonstrative pronoun being left out, although the ellipse is not felt; þvengrinn sá er muðrinn Loka var saman rifjaðr með (Kb. omits the prep.), the lace that the mouth of Loki was stitched with, Edda 71; öðrum höfðingjum, þeim er honum þótti liðs at ván (that is to say, þeim, er honum þótti liðs van at þeim), at whose hands, i. e. from whom he thought help likely to come, Fms. i; þeir er ek mæli þetta til (= er ek mæli þetta til þeirra), those to whom I speak, xi. 12; er engi hefir áðr til orðit, Nj. 190; in stórúðgi jötunn, er ór steini var höfuðit á (= er ór steini var höfuðit á honum), whose head was of stone. Hbl. 15; því er vér urðum á sáttir, Fms. xi. 34; við glugg þann í loptinu, er fuglinn hafðI áðr við setið. the window close to which the bird sat. Eg.: nokkurum þeim höfðingja, er mér sé eigandi vinátta við (viz. þá). Ó. H. 78: þá sjón, er mér þykir mikils um vert (viz. hana), 74; er mér þat at sýn orðit, er ek hefi opt heyrt frá sagt (= frá því sagt), 57; til vatns þess, er Á en Helga fellr ór, 163: til kirkju þeirra, es bein eru færð til, Grág. i. 13 new Ed.
    2. ellipt. the prep. being understood, esp. to avoid the repetition of it; ekirinn sá er brendr vár Ásgarðr (viz. með), Edda (pref.); hann gékk til herbergis þess, er konungr var inni (viz. í), he went to the house that the king was in, Ó. H. 160, Fb. iii. 251; dyrr þær, er ganga mátti upp á húsit (viz. gegnum, through), the doors through which one could walk up to the house, Eg. 421; ór þeim ættum er mér þóttu fuglarnir fljúga (viz. ór), the airt ( quarter) that I thought the birds flew from, Ísl. ii. 196; yfir þeim manni, er Mörðr hafði sök sína fram sagt (viz. yfir), the man over whose head ( to whom) Mord had pleaded his suit, Nj. 242; þrjú þing, þau er menn ætluðu (viz. á), three parliaments, in ( during) which men thought …, 71; nær borg þeirri, er konungr sat (viz. í), near the town the king resided in, Eg. 287; Montakassin, er dyrkast Benedictus, Monte Cassino, where B. is worshipped, Fms. xi. 415; þeir hafa nú látið lif sitt fyrir skömmu, er mér þykir eigi vert at lifa (viz. eptir), they, whom methinks it is not worth while to outlive, 150; fara eptir með hunda, er þeir vóru vanir at spyrja þá upp (viz. með), er undan hljópusk, they pursued with hounds, that they were wont to pick up fugitives with, i. e. with bloodbounds, v. 145; þat er í þrem stöðum, er dauðum má sök gefa (viz. í), it is in three places that a man can be slain with impunity, N. G. L. i. 62; þat er í einum stað, er maðr hittir (viz. í), it is in one place that …, id.
    III. a demonstrative pron. may be added to the relat. particle, e. g. er þeirra = quorum, er þeim = quibus, er hans, er hennar = cujus; but this is chiefly used in old translations from Lat., being rarely found in original writings; þann konung, er undir honum eru skatt-konungar, that king under whom vassals serve, Edda 93; ekkja heitir sú, er búandi hennar ( whose husband) varð sótt-dauðr; hæll er sú kona kölluð er búandi hennar er veginn, 108; sú sam-stafa, er raddar-stafr hennar er náttúrlega skammr, that syllable, the vowel of which is naturally short, Skálda 179; sá maðr, er hann vill, that man who wishes, Grág. i. 19; sá maðr, er hann skal fasta, 36; nema ein Guðrún, er hón æva grét, G. that never wailed, Gh. 40; þess manns, er hann girnisk, Hom. 54; sæl er sú bygghlaða … er ór þeirri …, felix est illud horreum … unde …, Hom. 15; engi er hærri speki en sú, er í þeirri …, nulla melior est sapientia quam ea, qua …, 28; varðveita boðorð hans, fyrir þann er vér erum skapaðir, ejusque mandata custodire, per quem creati sumus, 28; harða göfugr er háttr hófsemi, fyrir þá er saman stendr …, nobilis virtus est valde temperantia, per quam …, id.; elskendum Guð þann er svá mælti, Deum diligentibus qui ait, id.; skírn Græðara várs, er í þeirri, 56; er á þeim = in quibus, 52: rare in mod. writers, enginn kann að játa eðr iðrast réttilega þeirrar syndar, er hann þekkir ekki stærð hennar og ílsku, Vídal. i. 226.
    IV. in the 14th century, the relat. pron. hverr was admitted, but by adding the particle er; yet it has never prevailed, and no relative pronoun is used in Icel. (except that this pronoun occurs in the N. T. and sermons, e. g. Luke xi. 1, whose blood Pilate had mingled, is rendered hverra blóði Pilatus hafði blandað; an old translator would have said, er P. hafði blandað blóði þeirra): hvern er þeir erfðu, M. K. 156; hverjar er hón lauk mér, id.; af hverju er hann megi marka, Stj. 114; hvat er tákna mundi, Fms. xi. 12.
    V. the few following instances are rare and curious, er þú, er ek, er mér, er hón; and are analogous to the Germ. der ich, der du, I that, thou that; in Hm. l. c. ‘er’ is almost a superfluous enclitic, eyvitar fyrna er maðr annan skal, Hm. 93; sáttir þínar er ek vil snemma hafa, Alm. 7; ójafnt skipta er þú mundir, Hbl. 25; þrár hafðar er ek hefi, Fsm. 50; auði frá er mér ætluð var, sandi orpin sæng, Sl. 49; lauga-vatn er mér leiðast var eitt allra hluta, 50; ærr ertu Loki, er þú yðra telr, Ls. 29, cp. 21, Og. 12, Hkv. 2. 32; tröll, er þik bíta eigi járn, Ísl. ii. 364. ☞ This want of a proper relat. pron. has probably preserved Icel. prose from foreign influences; in rendering Lat. or mod. Germ. into Icel. almost every sentence must be altered and broken up in order to make it vernacular.
    B. Conj. and adv. joined with a demonstrative particle, where, when:
    1. loc., þar er, there where = ubi; þar er hvárki sé akr né eng, Grág. i. 123; hvervetna þess, er, N. G. L. passim.
    2. temp. when; ok er, and when; en er, but when: þá er, then when; þar til er, until, etc., passim; annan dag, er menn gengu, Nj. 3; brá þeim mjök við, er þan sá hann, 68; sjaldan fór þá svá, er vel vildi, Ld. 290; ok í því er Þórgils, and in the nick of time when Th., id.: þá lét í hamrinum sem er ( as when) reið gengr, Ísl. ii. 434; næst er vér kómum, next when we came, Eg. 287; þá er vér, when we, id.
    II. conj. that (vide ‘at’ II, p. 29); þat er (is) mitt ráð er ( that) þú kallir til tals, Eg. 540; ok þat, er hann ætlar, Nj. 7: ok fansk þat á öllu, er ( that) hon þóttisk vargefin, 17; en þessi er (is) frásögn til þess, er ( that) þeir vóru Heljar-skinn kallaðir, Sturl. i. 1; ok finna honum þá sök, er (en MS.) hann hafði verit, that he had been, Fms. vii. 331; af hverju er hann megi marka, from which he may infer, Stj. 135; hvárt er (en MS.) er (is) ungr eða gamall, either that he is young or old, N. G. L. i. 349; spurði hann at, hvárt er, asked him whether, Barl. 92; mikill skaði, er slíkr maðr, that such a man, Fms. vi. 15; hlægligt mér þat þykkir, er ( that) þú þinn harm tínir, Am. 53; er þér gengsk illa, that it goes ill with thee, 53, 89; hins viltú geta, er ( that) vit Hrungnir deildum, Hbl. 15.
    2. denoting cause; er dóttir mín er hörð í skapi, for that my daughter is hard of heart, Nj. 17.
    β. er þó, although, Skálda 164.
    3. þegar er, as soon as, when, Fms. iv. 95, cp. þegar’s above: alls er þú ert, for that thou art, i. 305; síðan er, since, after that, Grág. i. 135; en siðan er Freyr hafði heygðr verít, Hkr. (pref.); but without ‘er,’ N. G. L. i. 342. In the earliest and best MSS. distinction is made between eptir er ( postquam), þegar er ( quum), meðan er ( dum), síðan er ( postquam), and on the other hand eptir ( post), þegar ( jam), meðan ( interdum), síðan (post, deinde); cp. meðan’s, síðan’s, þegar’s, above; but in most old MSS. and writers the particle is left out, often, no doubt, merely from inaccuracy in the MSS., or even in the editions, (in MSS. ‘er’ is almost always spelt  and easily overlooked): again, in mod. usage the particle ‘at, að,’ is often used as equivalent to ‘er,’ meðan að, whilst; síðan að, since that; þegar að, postquam, (vide ‘at’ V, p. 29.)
    2.
    3rd pers. pres. is, vide vera.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > ER

  • 20 KÆRA

    * * *
    I)
    (-ða, -ðr), v.
    1) to discuss, debate (þeir kærðu þetta um hríð milli sín);
    2) to bring forward, mention; herra R. kærði krankleik sinn, pleaded his illness; kæra vandræði sín fyrir e-m to disclose one’s troubles to one;
    3) to complain of (þeir kærðu mjök áhlaup hans);
    4) to accuse, make a charge against one (kæra e-n um þjófnað); kæra á e-n, to lay to one’s charge (Svíar kærðu mjök á Hákon konung, at hann hafði brennt Vermaland); kæra sik, to complain, murmur (þegar bœndr tóku at kæra sik).
    f. complaint; murmur.
    * * *
    ð, to accuse, complain of, also to plead, with acc.; Þorsteinn kvaðsk eigi vilja kæra frændr sína um þetta mál, Rd. 234; hvervetna þar sem ef er á nokkru máli, þá kæri þeir sem um þat mál eigu at dæma, K. Á. 204; hann kærði angr sinn, Str. 4; kæra vandræði sín, k. mál sín fyrir e-m, Hkr. i. 196, Fms. x. 24; er lands-nauðsynjar verða fyrir honum kærðar, Sks. 496:—to plead, herra Rafn kærði krankleik sinn, Bs. i. 782; kæra mál sín, to plead one’s cause, Gþl. 16; öll mál ok sakarferli skyldi fyrir dómanda kærask, Stj. 164; kæra lög eðr lof, to debate laws or licenses, Grág. i. 5; þótt þeir kærði ( debated) þetta um hríð milli sín, Hkr. ii. 42.
    2. to complain, with prepp.; kæra á e-n, to make a charge or complaint against, accuse; má hón nú ekki á okkr kæra, þvíat ek senda kiðit sem ek hét, Stj. 197; Svíar kærðu mjök á Hákon konung, at hann hafði brennt Vermaland, Fms. x. 2: to plead against, accuse, gékk fram sira Jón holt ok kærði á Ketils-sonu, at þeir hefði úlögliga tekit fyrir honum kvikfé mart, Bs. i. 738: ef nokkurr kærir á þá jörð, Jb. 253; engi hafði á kært né at fundit, Dipl. i. 7; við hvern eiga þessir menn at kæra, against whom have these men to complain? Dropl. 16: kæra sik, to complain, murmur; þegar bændr tóku at k. sik, Fms. iv. 271, Stj. 294.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > KÆRA

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